Artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to software systems that are designed to ‘operate with varying levels of autonomy to generate outputs such as predictions, content, recommendations, or decisions that can influence physical or virtual environments’ based on data input and a given set of human-defined objectives. Rapid advances in AI, particularly in machine learning, large language models and generative AI, are transforming workplaces, labour markets and public services. AI can support or automate decision-making, manage work processes, analyse information, generate content and assist human workers, which raises important questions about employment, working conditions, job quality, skills, social dialogue, inequality and quality of life. Understanding both the potential benefits and implications of AI is essential for developing policies that support innovation while ensuring fair and inclusive outcomes for workers and citizens.