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Last updated: 12 February 2026

Pay and income

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12 February 2026
Real growth in minimum wages in 2026, amid both progress and pullback on Member States’ ambitionss
Most EU Member States changed the level of their national minimum wage from 1 January 2026 and, as in the previous year, the general picture is one of substantial increases – significantly exceeding price increases.
Article
23 June 2025
Minimum wages have a significant effect on negotiated and actual wages
In recent years, national minimum wages have risen sharply across EU countries, making their influence on collective wage bargaining and general wage developments increasingly relevant. The findings show that national minimum wages have a positive impact on raising negotiated wage levels. However, careful policy design is required to avoid the crowding-out of collective bargaining, especially in low-paid sectors. Minimum wages also play a key role in improving wage levels among the lowest-paid employees, although spillover effects occur across the wider wage distribution.
Klára Fóti+2
16 May 2025
Employment in the EU’s automotive sector

In 2024, the automotive sector in the EU came to the fore in public and policy discussions. The focus was on the slowdown in electric vehicle (EV) sales, rising global competition, belated investments in new technologies, and the potential closure of production lines in Europe.

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Dragoș Adăscăliței+1
Article

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